I’ve read that Mysql server creates a log file where it keeps a record of all activities – like when and what queries execute.
Can anybody tell me where it exists in my system? How can I read it?
Basically, I need to back up the database with different input [backup between two dates] so I think I need to use log file here, that’s why I want to do it…
I think this log must be secured somehow because sensitive information such as usernames and password may be logged [if any query require this]; so may it be secured, not easily able to be seen?
I have root access to the system, how can I see the log?
When I try to open /var/log/mysql.log it is empty.
This is my config file:
[client] port = 3306 socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock [mysqld_safe] socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock nice = 0 [mysqld] log = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log binlog-do-db=zero user = mysql socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp skip-external-locking bind-address = 127.0.0.1 # # * Fine Tuning # key_buffer = 16M max_allowed_packet = 16M thread_stack = 192K thread_cache_size = 8 general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log general_log = 1
Answers:
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Method 1
Here is a simple way to enable them. In mysql we need to see often 3 logs which are mostly needed during any project development.
-
The Error Log. It contains information about errors that occur while
the server is running (also server start and stop) -
The General Query Log. This is a general record of what mysqld is
doing (connect, disconnect, queries) -
The Slow Query Log. Ιt consists of “slow” SQL statements (as
indicated by its name).
By default no log files are enabled in MYSQL. All errors will be shown in the syslog (/var/log/syslog).
To Enable them just follow below steps:
step1: Go to this file (/etc/mysql/conf.d/mysqld_safe_syslog.cnf) and remove or comment those line.
step2: Go to mysql conf file (/etc/mysql/my.cnf) and add following lines
To enable error log add following
[mysqld_safe] log_error=/var/log/mysql/mysql_error.log [mysqld] log_error=/var/log/mysql/mysql_error.log
To enable general query log add following
general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log general_log = 1
To enable Slow Query Log add following
log_slow_queries = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log long_query_time = 2 log-queries-not-using-indexes
step3: save the file and restart mysql using following commands
service mysql restart
To enable logs at runtime, login to mysql client (mysql -u root -p) and give:
SET GLOBAL general_log = 'ON'; SET GLOBAL slow_query_log = 'ON';
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Method 2
The MySQL logs are determined by the global variables such as:
log_errorfor the error message log;general_log_filefor the general query log file (if enabled bygeneral_log);slow_query_log_filefor the slow query log file (if enabled byslow_query_log);
To see the settings and their location, run this shell command:
mysql -se "SHOW VARIABLES" | grep -e log_error -e general_log -e slow_query_log
To print the value of error log, run this command in the terminal:
mysql -e "SELECT @@GLOBAL.log_error"
To read content of the error log file in real time, run:
sudo tail -f $(mysql -Nse "SELECT @@GLOBAL.log_error")
Note: Hit Control–C when finish
When general log is enabled, try:
sudo tail -f $(mysql -Nse "SELECT CONCAT(@@datadir, @@general_log_file)")
To use mysql with the password access, add -p or -pMYPASS parameter. To to keep it remembered, you can configure it in your ~/.my.cnf, e.g.
[client] user=root password=root
So it’ll be remembered for the next time.
Method 3
You have to activate the query logging in mysql.
-
edit /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld] log=/tmp/mysql.log
-
restart the computer or the mysqld service
service mysqld restart
- open phpmyadmin/any application that uses mysql/mysql console and run a query
-
cat /tmp/mysql.log( you should see the query )
Method 4
From the MySQL reference manual:
By default, all log files are created in the data directory.
Check /var/lib/mysql folder.
Method 5
In my (I have LAMP installed) /etc/mysql/my.cnf file I found following, commented lines in [mysqld] section:
general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log general_log = 1
I had to open this file as superuser, with terminal:
sudo geany /etc/mysql/my.cnf
(I prefer to use Geany instead of gedit or VI, it doesn’t matter)
I just uncommented them & save the file then restart MySQL with
sudo service MySQL restart
Run several queries, open the above file (/var/log/mysql/mysql.log) and the log was there 🙂
Method 6
In addition to the answers above you can pass in command line parameters to the mysqld process for logging options instead of manually editing your conf file. For example, to enable general logging and specifiy a file:
mysqld --general-log --general-log-file=/var/log/mysql.general.log
Confirming other answers above, mysqld --help --verbose gives you the values from the conf file (so running with command line options general-log is FALSE); whereas mysql -se "SHOW VARIABLES" | grep -e log_error -e general_log gives:
general_log ON general_log_file /var/log/mysql.general.log
Use slightly more compact syntax for the error log:
mysqld --general-log --general-log-file=/var/log/mysql.general.log --log-error=/var/log/mysql.error.log
Method 7
To complement loyola‘s answer it is worth mentioning that as of MySQL 5.1 log_slow_queries is deprecated and is replaced with slow-query-log
Using log_slow_queries will cause your service mysql restart or service mysql start to fail
Method 8
shell> mysqladmin flush-logs shell> mv host_name.err-old backup-directory
All methods was sourced from stackoverflow.com or stackexchange.com, is licensed under cc by-sa 2.5, cc by-sa 3.0 and cc by-sa 4.0