Simulate keystroke in Linux with Python

How can I simulate a keystroke in python? I also want to press multiple keys simultaneously.

Something like:

keystroke('CTRL+F4')

or

keystroke('Shift+A')

Answers:

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Method 1

Consider python-uinput and evdev. Example of shift+a with the latter:

from evdev import uinput, ecodes as e

with uinput.UInput() as ui:
    ui.write(e.EV_KEY, e.KEY_LEFTSHIFT, 1)
    ui.write(e.EV_KEY, e.KEY_A, 1)
    ui.syn()

Method 2

Although it’s specific to X, you can install the xautomation package (apt-get install xautomation on Debian-based systems) and use xte to simulate keypresses, e.g.:

from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

control_f4_sequence = '''keydown Control_L
key F4
keyup Control_L
'''

shift_a_sequence = '''keydown Shift_L
key A
keyup Shift_L
'''

def keypress(sequence):
    p = Popen(['xte'], stdin=PIPE)
    p.communicate(input=sequence)

keypress(shift_a_sequence)
keypress(control_f4_sequence)

Method 3

python-uinput:

Pythonic API to Linux uinput kernel module…

Python-uinput is Python interface to Linux uinput kernel module which allows attaching userspace device drivers into kernel. In practice, Python-uinput makes it dead simple to create virtual joysticks, keyboards and mice for generating arbitrary input events programmatically…

Method 4

If you plan to use it on Linux, try pyautogui library.
For multiple keys you will need to use hotkey, e.g.:

pyautogui.hotkey('ctrl', 'c')  # ctrl-c to copy

For me it worked – see here:
How to pass a keystroke (ALT+TAB) using Popen.communicate (on Linux)?

Method 5

If you are on Windows, use Sendkeys and if on Linux, try out the suggestion given here for xsendkeys or pexpect.

Method 6

Simplest solution I have found was using pynput. You could do the following:

from pynput.keyboard import Key, Controller

keyboard = Controller()
with keyboard.pressed(Key.ctrl):
   keyboard.press(Key.f4)
   keyboard.release(Key.f4)

All methods was sourced from stackoverflow.com or stackexchange.com, is licensed under cc by-sa 2.5, cc by-sa 3.0 and cc by-sa 4.0