when installing pyaudio, pip cannot find portaudio.h in /usr/local/include

I’m using mac osx 10.10
As the PyAudio Homepage said, I install the PyAudio using

brew install portaudio 
pip install pyaudio

the installation of portaudio seems successful, I can find headers and libs in /usr/local/include and /usr/local/lib
but when I try to install pyaudio, it gives me an error that

src/_portaudiomodule.c:29:10: fatal error: 'portaudio.h' file not found
#include "portaudio.h"
         ^
1 error generated.
error: command 'cc' failed with exit status 1

actually it is in /usr/local/include
why can’t it find the file?
some answers to similar questions are not working for me(like using virtualenv, or compile it manually), and I want to find a simple way to solve this.

Answers:

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Method 1

Since pyAudio has portAudio as a dependency, you first have to install portaudio.

brew install portaudio

Then try: pip install pyAudio. If the problem persists after installing portAudio, you can specify the directory path where the compiler will be able to find the source programs (e.g: portaudio.h). Since the headers should be in the /usr/local/include directory:

pip install --global-option='build_ext' --global-option='-I/usr/local/include' --global-option='-L/usr/local/lib' pyaudio

Method 2

On Ubuntu builds:

sudo apt-get install python-pyaudio

For Python3:

sudo apt-get install python3-pyaudio

Method 3

You have to install portaudio first then link that file. Only then you can find that header file (i.e, portaudio.h). To install portaudio in mac by using HomeBrew program use following commands.

brew install portaudio
brew link portaudio
pip install pyaudio

sudo is not needed if you’re admin. We should refrain using sudo as it messes up lots of permissions.

Method 4

First, you can use Homebrew to install portaudio.

brew install portaudio

Then try to find the portaudio path:

sudo find / -name "portaudio.h"

In my case it is at /usr/local/Cellar/portaudio/19.6.0/include .

Run the command below to install pyaudio

pip install --global-option='build_ext' --global-option='-I/usr/local/Cellar/portaudio/19.6.0/include' --global-option='-L/usr/local/Cellar/portaudio/19.6.0/lib' pyaudio

Method 5

On Raspbian:

sudo apt-get install python-pyaudio

Method 6

on Centos:

yum install -y portaudio portaudio-devel && pip install pyaudio

Method 7

Just for the record for folks using MacPorts and not Homebrew:

$ [sudo] port install portaudio
$ pip install pyaudio --global-option="build_ext"  --global-option="-I/opt/local/include" --global-option="-L/opt/local/lib"

Method 8

I needed to do the following to install PortAudio on Debian

sudo apt install portaudio19-dev

I also apt install‘d python3-portaudio before that, although it didn’t work. I’m not sure if that contributed as well.

Method 9

Adding a bit of robustness (in case of a non-default homebrew dir) to the snippet from @fukudama,

brew install portaudio
pip install --global-option='build_ext' --global-option="-I$(brew --prefix)/include" --global-option="-L$(brew --prefix)/lib" pyaudio

Method 10

For me on 10.10.5 the paths were under /opt/local. I had to add /opt/local/bin to my /etc/paths file. And the command line that worked was

sudo pip install --global-option='build_ext' --global-option='-I/opt/local/include' --global-option='-L/opt/local/lib' pyaudio

Method 11

If you are using anaconda/miniconda to manage your python environments then

conda install pyaudio

installs portaudio at the same time as pyaudio

The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:

  portaudio          pkgs/main/osx-64::portaudio-19.6.0-h647c56a_4
  pyaudio            pkgs/main/osx-64::pyaudio-0.2.11-py37h1de35cc_2

Method 12

On Termux (this is what worked for me):

1. pkg install python
2. bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://its-pointless.github.io/setup-pointless-repo.sh)"
3. pkg install portaudio
4. pip install pyaudio

Source: pyaudio installing #6235

All methods was sourced from stackoverflow.com or stackexchange.com, is licensed under cc by-sa 2.5, cc by-sa 3.0 and cc by-sa 4.0