How to list the open file descriptors (and the files they refer to) in my current bash session

I am running in an interactive bash session. I have created some file descriptors, using exec, and I would like to list what is the current status of my bash session.

Is there a way to list the currently open file descriptors?

Answers:

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Method 1

Yes, this will list all open file descriptors:

$ ls -l /proc/$$/fd
total 0
lrwx------ 1 isaac isaac 64 Dec 28 00:56 0 -> /dev/pts/6
lrwx------ 1 isaac isaac 64 Dec 28 00:56 1 -> /dev/pts/6
lrwx------ 1 isaac isaac 64 Dec 28 00:56 2 -> /dev/pts/6
lrwx------ 1 isaac isaac 64 Dec 28 00:56 255 -> /dev/pts/6
l-wx------ 1 isaac isaac 64 Dec 28 00:56 4 -> /home/isaac/testfile.txt

Of course, as usual: 0 is stdin, 1 is stdout and 2 is stderr.
The 4th is an open file (to write) in this case.

Method 2

lsof -a -p $$

Network fd only:

lsof -i -a -p $$

Method 3

Assuming you want to list the file descriptors that are attached to any terminal, you can use lsof/fuser or similar like:

$ lsof -p $$ 2>/dev/null | awk '$NF ~ //pts//'
bash    32406 foobar    0u   CHR 136,31      0t0      34 /dev/pts/31
bash    32406 foobar    1u   CHR 136,31      0t0      34 /dev/pts/31
bash    32406 foobar    2u   CHR 136,31      0t0      34 /dev/pts/31
bash    32406 foobar    3u   CHR 136,31      0t0      34 /dev/pts/31
bash    32406 foobar  255u   CHR 136,31      0t0      34 /dev/pts/31

These tools basically parse /proc, so you can just access /proc/$$/fd/ too e.g.:

ls /proc/$$/fd/*

Method 4

Use the lsof utility to print all file descriptors for the current shell process (process identified by -p $$) and (-a) where the file descriptor is numeric (-d 0-256):

$ lsof -p $$ -a -d 0-256
COMMAND   PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
bash    16883  ant    0u   CHR 136,15      0t0   18 /dev/pts/15
bash    16883  ant    1u   CHR 136,15      0t0   18 /dev/pts/15
bash    16883  ant    2u   CHR 136,15      0t0   18 /dev/pts/15
bash    16883  ant  255u   CHR 136,15      0t0   18 /dev/pts/15

Pipe into Awk to print only the file descriptor and its corresponding filename:

$ lsof -p $$ -a -d 0-256  | awk '{ printf("%4s:t%sn", $4, $NF) }'
  FD:   NAME
  0u:   /dev/pts/15
  1u:   /dev/pts/15
  2u:   /dev/pts/15
255u:   /dev/pts/15

Note: when lsof prints the file descriptors, it appends the following code to indicate the file access mode:

• r – read access
• w – write access
• u – read and write access

Method 5

If you happen to want a graphical solution, gnome-system-monitor allows you to see the opened file descriptors of a process. Right click on any process opens a contextual menu, then you can click Open Files. Or you can just select the process and press CTRL+O.

Bonus: There is also an option in the sandwich menu to search opened files by filename

All methods was sourced from stackoverflow.com or stackexchange.com, is licensed under cc by-sa 2.5, cc by-sa 3.0 and cc by-sa 4.0