How to make unix service see environment variables?

I have set my environment variable using /etc/profile:

export VAR=/home/userhome

Then if I do echo $VAR it shows /home/userhome

But when I put reference to this variable into the /etc/init.d/servicename file, it cannot find this variable. When I run service servicename status using /etc/init.d/servicename file with following content:

case "$1" in
status)    
    cd $VAR/dir
    ;;
esac

it says /dir: No such file or directory

But it works if I run /etc/init.d/servicename status instead of service servicename status

How can I make unix service see environment variables?

Answers:

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Method 1

The problem is service strips all environment variables but TERM, PATH and LANG which is a good thing. If you are executing the script directly nothing removes the environment variables so everything works.

You don’t want to rely on external environment variables because at startup the environment variable probably isn’t present and your init system probably won’t set it anyway.

If you still want to rely on such variables, source a file and read the variables from it, e.g. create /etc/default/servicename with the content:

VAR=value

and source it from your init script, e.g:

[ -f /etc/default/service-name ] && . /etc/default/service-name

if [ -z "$VAR" ] ;  then
  echo "VAR is not set, please set it in /etc/default/service-name" >&2
  exit 1
fi

case "$1" in
status)    
    cd "$VAR"/dir
    ;;
esac

Method 2

In my case, I needed a RAILS_ENV that was set in /etc/bash.bashrc: export RAILS_ENV=staging. I added $(grep RAILS_ENV /etc/bash.bashrc) and that made the variable available to the script. I did it this way so i didn’t have to include the rest of the file.

Method 3

One ugly solution that will also work:

function exec() {
    args=( <a href="https://getridbug.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="85a1c5">[email protected]</a> )
    command=${args[0]}
    dummy=${args[1]}
    whoami=`whoami`
    if [ -z "$dummy" ]; then
        me=`basename $0`
        runuser -l ${whoami} -c "bash /etc/init.d/${me} ${command} dummy"
    else
       printenv
   fi
}

case $1 in
    status)
        status
        ;;
    start|stop|kill|restart)
        exec $*
        ;;
    *)
        usage
esac

All methods was sourced from stackoverflow.com or stackexchange.com, is licensed under cc by-sa 2.5, cc by-sa 3.0 and cc by-sa 4.0