Connecting Linux Mint to WiFi network

I just installed Linux Mint 17 (MATE) on an old laptop and everything works amazing, however I can’t seem to get it to connect to my WiFi network. All my other computers can get access, plus, before when the laptop has Windows XP, it could also find and connect. Is there a way to check if it’s even detecting the correct network? If so, how would I set up a proper connection to the network?

Can I move a running application to a different X server?

xmove is a computer program that allows the movement of X Window
System applications between different displays and the persistence of
X applications across X server restarts.[4] It solves a problem in the
design of X, where an X client (an X application) is tied to the X
server (X display) it was started on for its lifetime. Also, if the X
server is shut down, the client application is forced to stop running.

How are terminal length and width forwarded over SSH and telnet?

When I view the length and width of my terminal emulator with stty size then it is 271 characters long and 71 lines tall. When I log into another server over SSH and execute stty size, then it is also 271 characters long and 71 lines tall. I can even log into some Cisco IOS device and terminal is still 271 characters long and 71 lines tall:

I accidentally chmod -R +x on a directory. How do I restore the correct permissions?

Well, to be specific, it was chmod -R 755. Now every file is executable, which I don’t want.
I am thinking that I should look at the first two bytes of each file for the #!, but will this cover everything? Should I instead use file to look at everything and base my decision on that? Or, more likely, is there an even better way to do this?